Androgenetic alopecia is a common type of hair loss that affects both men and women differently. It usually develops gradually and becomes more noticeable with age. This condition often runs in families and is influenced by both hormones and genetics.
Androgenetic alopecia is mainly caused by a combination of genetics and hormonal changes, particularly involving androgens like dihydrotestosterone (DHT).
Genetics plays a key role in pattern hair loss. If you have a family history of hair loss, especially on your father's side, you're more likely to experience it too. Research suggests that around 80% of men with hair loss have a bald father. Specific genes may make hair follicles more sensitive to hormones, which leads to gradual thinning and shrinking (miniaturization) of the hair over time.
DHT, a powerful form of testosterone, is one of the main hormones linked to hair loss. It binds to receptors in the scalp’s hair follicles, especially at the crown and temples, shortening the hair growth cycle and making new hairs thinner and weaker. While DHT can stimulate hair growth in areas like the beard and body, it reduces hair on the scalp — this is often called the androgen paradox.
Hair follicles in people with androgenetic alopecia are more sensitive to DHT due to increased levels of 5-alpha-reductase, the enzyme that converts testosterone into DHT. Over time, this sensitivity causes the follicles to shrink and eventually stop producing visible hair.
As individuals grow older, the likelihood of developing androgenetic alopecia increases.
The pattern and severity of androgenetic alopecia differ between men and women.
There are several ways to manage and treat male pattern baldness, depending on your preferences and the stage of hair loss. These include:
A doctor removes hair follicles from areas with thick hair (like the back of your head) and places them in bald or thinning areas.
Possible side effects:
In this treatment, a healthcare provider draws your blood, processes it to concentrate the platelets, and injects it into your scalp to promote hair growth.
Possible side effects:
If you're not ready for medical treatments, you can manage hair loss by:
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While androgenetic alopecia (commonly known as male or female pattern baldness) is the most prevalent form of hair loss, several other types of alopecia can also affect individuals due to different causes such as autoimmune conditions, stress, infections, or physical damage to the hair. Below are other notable types of alopecia:
In men, this condition is called male pattern baldness. Hair loss starts above both temples and forms an “M” shape.
Over time, hair on the top of the head becomes thinner. Eventually, this may lead to partial or complete baldness.
In women, it’s called female pattern hair loss. Hair thins mostly at the crown or top of the head.
The part line also becomes wider, but the hairline usually stays in place.
Unlike men, women rarely go completely bald from this condition.
Androgenetic alopecia in men is linked to several health issues. These may include:
In women, androgenetic alopecia may relate to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
PCOS causes hormone imbalance. It may lead to:
Androgenetic alopecia is a genetic condition caused by hormones like DHT, resulting in gradual hair thinning. In contrast, alopecia areata is an autoimmune disorder where the immune system attacks hair follicles, leading to sudden, patchy hair loss.
If you or someone you know is affected by alopecia areata, consider participating in a clinical trial. These studies are helping researchers develop more effective treatments and offer eligible participants access to emerging therapies under expert supervision. Explore alopecia areata clinical trials and be part of advancing hair loss treatment.
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In conclusion, androgenetic alopecia is a common, progressive form of hair loss influenced by genetics and hormones, affecting men and women differently. Early detection and proper treatment can help manage symptoms. Furthermore, paid clinical research studies are in progress for alopecia areata treatment. For those exploring effective treatment options for alopecia areata, enrolling in these trials may provide access to potential new therapies under expert medical supervision.
Hair regrowth is possible but not guaranteed. Treatments like minoxidil or finasteride can slow hair loss and promote regrowth in some cases, especially when started early. However, complete regrowth is rare.
The most common cause is androgenetic alopecia (male pattern baldness), which is linked to genetics and the hormone dihydrotestosterone (DHT). Other causes include stress, poor nutrition, certain medications, and medical conditions.
Yes, androgenetic alopecia is hereditary. It often runs in families and can be inherited from either the mother’s or father’s side.
It cannot be fully reversed, but it can be managed. Medications, PRP therapy, or hair transplants may slow hair loss and stimulate some regrowth if started early.
